Introduction:
Liver cancer is a common tumor of the digestive system. Hepatectomy sometimes results in massive hemorrhage, and intraoperative autotransfusion is often required.

Material and methods:
In this basic research, a liver cancer mouse model was established, the visible liver cancer tissue was surgically removed, and the blood of the mice was recovered.

Results:
The results showed that the model group had the highest recurrence and metastasis of liver cancer, and the lowest was the autotransfusion group. Flow cytometry showed that the number of HLA-DQB1 positive cells, the content of CD4+CD25+T cells, and the proliferation of CD4+T cells were the highest in the autotransfusion group, followed by the model group, and the lowest in the auto+HLA-DQB1 group, which showed no difference from the control group. Immunohistochemistry and western blot analysis showed that the lowest expression of PDCD1 protein was in the autotransfusion group, which showed no significant difference from the control group, and the highest expression was in auto-HLA-DQB1, followed by the model group.

Conclusions:
The study elucidates the molecular mechanism whereby autotransfusion will activate up-regulated expression of the signal molecule HLA-DQB1, enhance the immune surveillance of CD4+T cells, reduce the expression of PDCD1 on the surface molecule of liver cancer cells, and inhibit liver cancer metastasis.