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RHEUMATOLOGY / RESEARCH LETTER
Smoking as a determinant of rheumatoid arthritis: integrated evidence from epidemiological patterns, genetic signals, and mechanistic insights
1
Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical university, China
2
Neurobiology of Pain Research Group, Institute of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Spain
3
Department of Cancer Prevention, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
4
Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, China
These authors had equal contribution to this work
Submission date: 2026-01-10
Final revision date: 2026-03-22
Acceptance date: 2026-04-27
Online publication date: 2026-04-30
Corresponding author
Jiehua Deng
Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical university, China
Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical university, China
Arch Med Sci 2026;22(2):1234-1238
TOPICS
REFERENCES (12)
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Safiri S, Kolahi AA, Hoy D, et al. Global, regional and national burden of rheumatoid arthritis 1990-2017: a systematic analysis of the Global Burden of Disease study 2017. Ann Rheum Dis 2019; 78: 1463-71.
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Qian Y, Zhang D, Wu Z, et al. Genetic predisposition to smoking is associated with risk of rheumatoid arthritis: a Mendelian randomization study. Arthritis Res Ther 2020; 22: 44.
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Zhao SS, Holmes MV, Zheng J, Sanderson E. The impact of genetically predicted smoking on risk of rheumatoid arthritis: a Mendelian randomization study. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2022; 61: 2167-75.
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Larsson SC, Burgess S. Appraising the causal role of smoking in multiple diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis of Mendelian randomization studies. EBioMedicine 2022; 82: 104154.
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Klareskog L, Stolt P, Lundberg K, et al. A new model for an etiological role of smoking in rheumatoid arthritis: smoking may trigger HLA-DR (shared epitope)-restricted immune reactions to autoantigens modified by citrullination. Arthritis Rheum 2006; 54: 38-46.
| eISSN: | 1896-9151 |
| ISSN: | 1734-1922 |
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