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NEUROLOGY / STATE OF THE ART PAPER
Figure from article: The importance of TNF-α...
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The importance of TNF-α signaling: a potential risk factor in neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases
Marta Białecka 1
,
 
Monika Białecka 2
,
 
Anna Machoy-Mokrzyńska 3
,
 
Damian Malinowski 2
,
 
Monika Rać 4
 
 
 
More details
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1
Oncology Department, Military Institute of Medicine – National Research Institute, Warsaw Poland
 
2
Department of Pharmacokinetics and Therapeutic Drug Monitoring, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
 
3
Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
 
4
Department of Biochemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
 
 
Submission date: 2024-10-11
 
 
Final revision date: 2025-01-27
 
 
Acceptance date: 2025-02-15
 
 
Online publication date: 2025-04-20
 
 
Corresponding author
Monika Rać   

Department of Biochemistry, Pomeranian Medical University Powstancow Wielkopolskich 72 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
 
 
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5114/aoms/201446
 
 
Article (PDF)
References (148)
 
KEYWORDS
TNF-α
cytokines
central nervous system
neuroinflammation
multiple sclerosis
Parkinson’s disease
dementia
coronary artery disease
plaque
intima–media
 
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
Cytokines are small, membrane-bound, protein-based cell signaling molecules that aid cell-to-cell communication in physiological and pathological processes. TNF-α is a pleiotropic cytokine that is regarded as a principal cytokine in the acute and chronic phases of the immune and inflammatory responses. TNF-α has been demonstrated to play a role in neuroplasticity and myelination, as well as excitotoxicity, neuroinflammation, and damage to the blood-brain barrier. The involvement of TNF-α in the etiology of Parkinson’s disease, both in its early and late stages, Alzheimer’s disease, multiple sclerosis, and coronary artery disease has been substantiated using both experimental models and clinical studies. TNF also plays a key role in cardiovascular disease, initiating a cascade of inflammatory and vascular responses. The aim of this study was to clarify the molecular mechanisms of TNF action and the effects of its secretion in selected diseases.
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