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RHEUMATOLOGY / CLINICAL RESEARCH
Correlation of age-adjusted visceral adiposity index with osteoarthritis risk: a cross-sectional study from NHANES 1999–2018
1
Department of Child Healthcare, Wenzhou People’s Hospital, Zhejiang Province, China
2
Children’s Heart Center, Institute of Cardiovascular Development and Translational Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Province, China
3
Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Pediatric Disease, Zhejiang Province, China
4
Department of Gastroenterology, Pingyang Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Province, China
5
Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Province, China
6
Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wenzhou Yebo Proctology Hospital, Zhejiang Province, China
Submission date: 2025-03-14
Final revision date: 2025-05-15
Acceptance date: 2025-05-30
Online publication date: 2025-06-25
Corresponding author
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
Introduction:
Obesity and aging are established independent risk factors for osteoarthritis (OA). This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between the age-adjusted visceral adiposity index (AVAI) and OA.
Material and methods:
This cross-sectional study utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) collected between 1999 and 2018. The correlation between AVAI and prevalence of OA was explored through receiver operating characteristic (ROC) regression, multivariate logistic regression, restricted cubic spline regression, and subgroup analysis.
Results:
The study cohort comprised 20,628 participants, of whom 2,297 (11.1%) were diagnosed with OA. An increase in the quartile range of AVAI was correlated with a significant rise in the prevalence of OA (1.5% vs. 5.1% vs. 14.4% vs. 23.6%, p < 0.001). Logistic regression analysis demonstrated a significant positive correlation between AVAI and the risk of OA (OR = 1.14, 95% CI: 1.06, 1.23). Subgroup analyses indicated that this correlation was more pronounced in individuals aged over 60 years and those with diabetes. RCS regression analysis further identified a non-linear positive correlation, with an inflection point at –6.03. Finally, the area under the ROC curve (AUC) for AVAI was notably greater (AUC = 0.757, 95% CI: 0.747, 0.766) compared to traditional obesity indices.
Conclusions:
This study is the first to demonstrate a significant positive correlation between the prevalence of OA and AVAI, with AVAI exhibiting superior diagnostic performance over traditional obesity indices in identifying OA.
Obesity and aging are established independent risk factors for osteoarthritis (OA). This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between the age-adjusted visceral adiposity index (AVAI) and OA.
Material and methods:
This cross-sectional study utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) collected between 1999 and 2018. The correlation between AVAI and prevalence of OA was explored through receiver operating characteristic (ROC) regression, multivariate logistic regression, restricted cubic spline regression, and subgroup analysis.
Results:
The study cohort comprised 20,628 participants, of whom 2,297 (11.1%) were diagnosed with OA. An increase in the quartile range of AVAI was correlated with a significant rise in the prevalence of OA (1.5% vs. 5.1% vs. 14.4% vs. 23.6%, p < 0.001). Logistic regression analysis demonstrated a significant positive correlation between AVAI and the risk of OA (OR = 1.14, 95% CI: 1.06, 1.23). Subgroup analyses indicated that this correlation was more pronounced in individuals aged over 60 years and those with diabetes. RCS regression analysis further identified a non-linear positive correlation, with an inflection point at –6.03. Finally, the area under the ROC curve (AUC) for AVAI was notably greater (AUC = 0.757, 95% CI: 0.747, 0.766) compared to traditional obesity indices.
Conclusions:
This study is the first to demonstrate a significant positive correlation between the prevalence of OA and AVAI, with AVAI exhibiting superior diagnostic performance over traditional obesity indices in identifying OA.
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